ONIX Code Lists Issue 63, October 2023

List 74: Language – based on ISO 639-2/B

Value Description Notes
abk Abkhazian
ace Achinese
ach Acoli
ada Adangme
ady Adygei; Adyghe (West Circassian)
aar Afar
afh Afrihili Artificial language
afr Afrikaans
afa Afro-Asiatic languages Collective name
ain Ainu
aka Akan Macrolanguage. See also fat (Fanti), twi (Twi)
akk Akkadian
alb Albanian Macrolanguage
ale Aleut
alg Algonquian languages Collective name
alq Algonquin Alginkin. ONIX local code, equivalent to alq in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
tut Altaic languages Collective name
amh Amharic
anp Angika
apa Apache languages Collective name
ara Arabic Macrolanguage
arg Aragonese
qar Aranés ONIX local code, distinct dialect of Occitan (not distinguished from oci by ISO 639-3)
arp Arapaho
arw Arawak
arm Armenian
rup Aromanian; Arumanian; Macedo-Romanian
art Artificial languages Collective name
asm Assamese
ast Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese
ath Athapascan languages Collective name
atj Atikamekw ONIX local code, equivalent to atj in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
aus Australian languages Collective name
aav Austro-Asiatic languages Collective name. ONIX local code, equivalent of aav in ISO 639-5. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
map Austronesian languages Collective name
ava Avaric
ave Avestan
awa Awadhi
aym Aymara Macrolanguage
aze Azerbaijani Macrolanguage
ban Balinese
bat Baltic languages Collective name
bal Baluchi Macrolanguage
bam Bambara
bai Bamileke languages Collective name
bad Banda languages Collective name
bnt Bantu languages Collective name
bas Basa
bak Bashkir
baq Basque
btk Batak languages Collective name
bej Beja; Bedawiyet
bel Belarusian
bem Bemba
ben Bengali
ber Berber languages Collective name
bho Bhojpuri
bih Bihari languages Collective name
bik Bikol Macrolanguage
bin Bini; Edo
bis Bislama
byn Blin; Bilin
zbl Blissymbols; Blissymbolics; Bliss Artificial language
brx Bodo (India) Boro. ONIX local code, equivalent to brx in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
bos Bosnian
bra Braj
bre Breton
bug Buginese
bul Bulgarian
bum Bulu (Cameroon) ONIX local code, equivalent to bum in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
bua Buriat Macrolanguage
bur Burmese
cad Caddo
sro Campidanese ONIX local code for Sardinian dialect, equivalent to sro in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
yue Cantonese ONIX local code, equivalent to yue in ISO 639-3
cat Catalan See also qav (Valencian)
cau Caucasian languages Collective name
cay Cayuga ONIX local code, equivalent to cay in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
ceb Cebuano
cel Celtic languages Collective name
cai Central American Indian languages Collective name
tzm Central Atlas Tamazight ONIX local code, equivalent to tzm in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
khm Central Khmer
ckb Central Kurdish (Sorani) ONIX local code, equivalent to ckb in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
chg Chagatai
cmc Chamic languages Collective name
cha Chamorro
che Chechen
chr Cherokee
chy Cheyenne
chb Chibcha
nya Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja
cic Chickasaw ONIX local code, equivalent to cic in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
chi Chinese Macrolanguage. See also cmn (Mandarin), yue (Cantonese)
chn Chinook jargon
chp Chipewyan; Dene Suline
cho Choctaw
chu Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic
chk Chuukese (Truk)
chv Chuvash
nwc Classical Newari; Old Newari; Classical Nepal Bhasa
syc Classical Syriac
cop Coptic
cor Cornish
cos Corsican
cre Cree Macrolanguage. See also crj (Southern East Cree), crk (plains Cree), crl (Northern East Cree), crm (Moose Cree), cse (Swampy Cree), cwd (Woods Cree)
mus Creek Seminole
crp Creoles and pidgins Collective name
cpe Creoles and pidgins, English-based Collective name
cpf Creoles and pidgins, French-based Collective name
cpp Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based Collective name
crh Crimean Turkish; Crimean Tatar
hrv Croatian
scr Croatian DEPRECATED – use hrv
cus Cushitic languages Collective name
cze Czech
dak Dakota
dan Danish
dar Dargwa
prs Dari; Afghan Persian ONIX local code, equivalent to prs in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
del Delaware Macrolanguage
din Dinka Macrolanguage
div Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian
doi Dogri Macrolanguage
dgr Dogrib
dra Dravidian languages Collective name
dua Duala
dum Dutch, Middle (ca. 1050-1350)
dut Dutch; Flemish
dyu Dyula
dzo Dzongkha
frs Eastern Frisian
efi Efik
egy Egyptian (Ancient)
eka Ekajuk
elx Elamite
egl Emilian ONIX local code for Italian dialect, equivalent to egl in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
eng English
enm English, Middle (1100-1500)
ang English, Old (ca. 450-1100)
myv Erzya
esx Eskaleut languages Inuit-Yupik-Unangan languages. Collective name. ONIX local code, equivalent of esx in ISO 639-5. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
epo Esperanto Artificial language
est Estonian Macrolanguage
gez Ethiopic (Ge’ez)
ewe Ewe
ewo Ewondo
fan Fang
fat Fanti
fao Faroese
fij Fijian
fil Filipino; Pilipino
fin Finnish
fiu Finno-Ugrian languages Collective name
fon Fon
fre French
frm French, Middle (ca. 1400-1600)
fro French, Old (ca. 842-1400) See also qgl (Gallo)
fur Friulian
ful Fulah Macrolanguage
gaa
car Galibi Carib
glg Galician
qgl Gallo ONIX local code, distinct variant of langue d’oïl (old northern French), not distinguished from fro, or from frm, fre, nrf by ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
sdn Gallurese ONIX local code for Sardinian dialect, equivalent to sdn in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
lug Ganda
grt Garo ONIX local code, equivalent to grt in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
gay Gayo
gba Gbaya Macrolanguage
geo Georgian
ger German
gmh German, Middle High (ca. 1050-1500)
goh German, Old High (ca. 750-1050)
gem Germanic languages Collective name
gil Gilbertese
git Gitxsan ONIX local code, equivalent to git in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
gon Gondi Macrolanguage
gor Gorontalo
got Gothic
grb Grebo Macrolanguage
grc Greek, Ancient (to 1453)
gre Greek, Modern (1453-)
grn Guarani Macrolanguage
nrf Guernésiais, Jèrriais ONIX local code, equivalent to nrf in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
guj Gujarati
gwi Gwich’in
hai Haida Macrolanguage
hat Haitian; Haitian Creole
hau Hausa
haw Hawaiian
heb Hebrew
her Herero
hil Hiligaynon
him Himachali languages; Western Pahari languages Collective name
hin Hindi
hmo Hiri Motu
hit Hittite
hmx Hmong-Mien languages Collective name. ONIX local code, equivalent of hmx in ISO 639-5. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
hmn Hmong; Mong Macrolanguage
hop Hopi ONIX local code, equivalent to hop in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
hun Hungarian
hup Hupa
iba Iban
ice Icelandic
ido Ido Artificial language
ibo Igbo
ijo Ijo languages Collective name
ilo Iloko
smn Inari Sami
inc Indic languages Collective name
ine Indo-European languages Collective name
ind Indonesian
inh Ingush
moe Innu, Montagnais ONIX local code, equivalent to moe in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
ina Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) Artificial language
ile Interlingue; Occidental Artificial language
ikt Inuinnaqtun Western Canadian Inuktitut. ONIX local code, equivalent to ikt in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
iku Inuktitut Macrolanguage. See also ike (Eastern Canadian Inuktitut), ikt (Inuinnaqtun)
ike Eastern Canadian Inuktitut ONIX local code, equivalent to ike in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
ipk Inupiaq Macrolanguage
qiv Inuvialuktun ONIX local code, distinct dialect of Inuktitut (not distinguished from iku, ike, ikt by ISO 639-3). Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
ira Iranian languages Collective name
pes Iranian Persian; Parsi ONIX local code, equivalent to pes in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
gle Irish
mga Irish, Middle (ca. 1100-1550)
sga Irish, Old (to 1100)
iro Iroquoian languages Collective name
ita Italian
jpn Japanese
jpx Japanese languages Japonic. Collective name. ONIX local code, equivalent of jpx in ISO 639-5. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
jav Javanese
jow Jowulu ONIX local code, equivalent to jow in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
jrb Judeo-Arabic Macrolanguage
jpr Judeo-Persian
kbd Kabardian (East Circassian)
kab Kabyle
kac Kachin; Jingpho
kal Kalâtdlisut; Greenlandic
xal Kalmyk; Oirat
kam Kamba
kan Kannada
kau Kanuri Macrolanguage
kaa Kara-Kalpak
krc Karachay-Balkar
kdr Karaim ONIX local code, equivalent to kdr in ISO 639-3
krl Karelian
kar Karen languages Collective name
kas Kashmiri
csb Kashubian
kaw Kawi
kaz Kazakh
kha Khasi
khi Khoisan languages Collective name
kho Khotanese; Sakan
xuu Khwedam, Kxoe ONIX local code, equivalent to xuu in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
kik Kikuyu; Gikuyu
kmb Kimbundu
kin Kinyarwanda
kir Kirghiz; Kyrgyz
tlh Klingon; tlhIngan-Hol Artificial language
kom Komi Macrolanguage
kon Kongo Macrolanguage
kok Konkani Macrolanguage
kor Korean
kpe Kpelle Macrolanguage
kro Kru languages Collective name
kua Kuanyama; Kwanyama
kum Kumyk
kur Kurdish Macrolanguage. See also ckb (Central Kurdish)
kru Kurukh
kos Kusaiean (Caroline Islands)
kut Kutenai
fkv Kvensk ONIX local code, equivalent to fkv in ISO 639-3
kwk Kwakiutl ONIX local code, equivalent to kwk in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
lad Ladino
lah Lahnda Macrolanguage
lkt Lakota Teton, Teton Sioux. ONIX local code, equivalent to lkt in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
lam Lamba
day Land Dayak languages Collective name
lao Lao
lat Latin
lav Latvian Macrolanguage
qlk Lemko ONIX local code, distinct dialect of of Rusyn (not distinguished from rue by ISO 639-3). Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
lez Lezgian
lij Ligurian ONIX local code for Italian dialect, equivalent to lij in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
lim Limbergan; Limburger; Limburgish
lin Lingala
lit Lithuanian
jbo Lojban
lmo Lombard ONIX local code for Italian dialect, equivalent to lmo in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
nds Low German; Low Saxon
dsb Lower Sorbian
loz Lozi
lub Luba-Katanga
lua Luba-Lulua
lui Luiseño
smj Lule Sami
lun Lunda
luo Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)
lus Lushai
ltz Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch
mac Macedonian
mad Madurese
mag Magahi
mai Maithili
mak Makasar
mlg Malagasy Macrolanguage
may Malay Macrolanguage
mal Malayalam
poz Malayo-Polynesian languages Collective name. ONIX local code, equivalent of poz in ISO 639-5. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
mlt Maltese
mnc Manchu
mdr Mandar
cmn Mandarin ONIX local code, equivalent to cmn in ISO 639-3
man Mandingo Macrolanguage
mni Manipuri
mno Manobo languages Collective name
glv Manx
mao Maori
arn Mapudungun; Mapuche
mar Marathi
chm Mari Macrolanguage
mah Marshallese
mwr Marwari Macrolanguage
mas Masai
myn Mayan languages Collective name
fit Meänkieli / Tornedalen Finnish ONIX local code, equivalent to fit in ISO 639-3
men Mende
mic Mi’kmaq; Micmac
crg Michif ONIX local code, equivalent to crg in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
gml Middle Low German ONIX local code, equivalent to gml in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
min Minangkabau
mwl Mirandese
moh Mohawk
mdf Moksha
mol Moldavian; Moldovan DEPRECATED – use rum
mkh Mon-Khmer languages Collective name
lol Mongo-Nkundu
mon Mongolian Macrolanguage
cnr Montenegrin Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
mos Mooré; Mossi
crm Moose Cree ONIX local code, equivalent to crm in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
mun Munda languages Collective name
mwf Murrinh-Patha ONIX local code, equivalent to mwf in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
nqo N’Ko
nah Nahuatl languages Collective name
nsk Naskapi ONIX local code, equivalent to nsk in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
nau Nauruan
nav Navajo; Navaho
nde Ndebele, North
nbl Ndebele, South
ndo Ndonga
nap Neapolitan
nep Nepali Macrolanguage
qls Neutral Latin American Spanish ONIX local code, distinct and exclusively spoken variation of Spanish, not distinguished from spa (Spanish, Castilian) by ISO 639-3. Neutral Latin American Spanish should be considered a ‘shorthand’ for spa plus a ‘country code’ for Latin America – but prefer spa plus the relevant country code for specifically Mexican Spanish, Argentine (Rioplatense) Spanish, Puerto Rican Spanish etc. Neutral Latin American Spanish must only be used with audio material (including the audio tracks of TV, video and film) to indicate use of accent, vocabulary and construction suitable for broad use across Latin America. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
new Newari; Nepal Bhasa
nia Nias
nic Niger-Kordofanian languages Collective name
ssa Nilo-Saharan languages Collective name
niu Niuean
nog Nogai
nai North American Indian languages Collective name
crl Northern East Cree ONIX local code, equivalent to crl in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
frr Northern Frisian
sme Northern Sami
nor Norwegian Macrolanguage. See also nob (Bokmål), nno (Nynorsk)
nob Norwegian Bokmål
nno Norwegian Nynorsk
nub Nubian languages Collective name
nym Nyamwezi
nyn Nyankole
nyo Nyoro
nzi Nzima
oci Occitan (post-1500) See also qar (Aranés)
arc Official Aramaic; Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)
oji Ojibwa Macrolanguage. See also ojs (Severn Ojibwa)
odt Old Dutch / Old Low Franconian (ca. 400–1050) ONIX local code, equivalent to odt in ISO 639-3
non Old Norse
peo Old Persian (ca. 600-400 B.C.)
ori Oriya Macrolanguage
orm Oromo Macrolanguage
osa Osage
oss Ossetian; Ossetic
omq Oto-Manguean languages ONIX local code, equivalent to omq in ISO 639-5. Collective name
oto Otomian languages Collective name
pal Pahlavi
pau Palauan
pli Pali
pam Pampanga; Kapampangan
pag Pangasinan
pan Panjabi
pap Papiamento
paa Papuan languages Collective name
nso Pedi; Sepedi; Northern Sotho
per Persian Macrolanguage. See also pes (Iranian Persian, Farsi), prs (Dari)
phi Philippine languages Collective name
phn Phoenician
pcd Picard ONIX local code, distinct variant of langue d’oïl (old northern French), equivalent to pcd in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
qsp Picture Communication Symbols (PCS) ONIX local code for graphical symbols used in augmentative and alternative communication and education, not listed in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
pms Piedmontese ONIX local code for Italian dialect, equivalent to pms in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
crk Plains Cree ONIX local code, equivalent to crk in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
pol Polish
pon Ponapeian
por Portuguese
pra Prakrit languages Collective name
pro Provençal, Old (to 1500); Occitan, Old (to 1500)
pus Pushto; Pashto Macrolanguage
que Quechua Macrolanguage
raj Rajasthani Macrolanguage
rap Rapanui
rar Rarotongan; Cook Islands Maori
rcf Réunion Creole French ONIX local code, equivalent to rcf in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
rgn Romagnol ONIX local code for Italian dialect, equivalent to rgl in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
roa Romance languages Collective name
rum Romanian
roh Romansh
rom Romany, Romani span class="update">Macrolanguage
run Rundi
rus Russian
sal Salishan languages Collective name
sam Samaritan Aramaic
smi Sami languages Collective name
smo Samoan
sad Sandawe
sag Sango
san Sanskrit
sat Santali
srm Saramaccan ONIX local code for Saramaccan language, equivalent to srm in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
srd Sardinian Macrolanguage. See also sdc (Sassarese), sdn (Gallurese), sro (Campidanese)
sas Sasak
sdc Sassarese ONIX local code for Sardinian dialect, equivalent to sdc in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
sco Scots
gla Scottish Gaelic
sel Selkup
sem Semitic languages Collective name
scc Serbian DEPRECATED – use srp
srp Serbian
srr Serer
ojs Severn Ojibwa ONIX local code, equivalent to ojs in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
shn Shan
sna Shona
shs Shuswap ONIX local code, equivalent to shs in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
iii Sichuan Yi; Nuosu
scn Sicilian
sid Sidamo
sgn Sign languages Collective name
bla Siksika
szl Silesian ONIX local code, equivalent to szl in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
snd Sindhi
sin Sinhala; Sinhalese
zhx Sinitic languages Chinese (family) languages. Collective name. ONIX local code, equivalent of zhx in ISO 639-5. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
sit Sino-Tibetan languages Collective name
sio Siouan languages Collective name
sms Skolt Sami
den Slave (Athapascan) Macrolanguage
sla Slavic languages Collective name
slo Slovak
slv Slovenian
sog Sogdian
som Somali
son Songhai languages Collective name
snk Soninke
wen Sorbian languages Collective name
sot Sotho; Sesotho
sai South American Indian languages Collective name
alt Southern Altai
crj Southern East Cree ONIX local code, equivalent to crj in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
sma Southern Sami
spa Spanish
srn Sranan Tongo
zgh Standard Moroccan Tamazight
sto Stoney ONIX local code, equivalent to sto in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
suk Sukuma
sux Sumerian
sun Sundanese
sus Susu
swa Swahili Macrolanguage
csw Swampy Cree ONIX local code, equivalent to csw in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
ssw Swazi; Swati
swe Swedish
gsw Swiss German; Alemannic; Alsatian
syr Syriac Macrolanguage
tgl Tagalog
tah Tahitian
tai Tai languages Collective name
tgk Tajik; Tajiki Persian
tmh Tamashek Macrolanguage
tam Tamil
shi Tashelhit; Shilha ONIX local code, equivalent to shi in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
tat Tatar
tel Telugu
tem Temne; Time
ter Terena
tet Tetum
tha Thai
thp Thompson Nla’kapamux. ONIX local code, equivalent to thp in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
tib Tibetan
tig Tigré
tir Tigrinya
tiv Tiv
tli Tlingit
tpi Tok Pisin
tkl Tokelauan
tog Tonga (Nyasa)
ton Tongan
tsd Tsakonian ONIX local code, equivalent to tsd in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
tsi Tsimshian
tso Tsonga
tsn Tswana AKA Setswana
tum Tumbuka
tup Tupi languages Collective name
tur Turkish
ota Turkish, Ottoman
tuk Turkmen
tvl Tuvaluan
tyv Tuvinian
twi Twi
tzo Tzotzil ONIX local code, equivalent to tzo in ISO 639-3
udm Udmurt
uga Ugaritic
uig Uighur; Uyghur
ukr Ukrainian
umb Umbundu
hsb Upper Sorbian
urj Uralic languages Collective name. ONIX local code, equivalent of urj in ISO 639-5. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
urd Urdu
uzb Uzbek Macrolanguage
vai Vai
qav Valencian ONIX local code, distinct dialect of Catalan (not distinguished from cat by ISO 639-3)
ven Venda
vec Venetian/Venetan ONIX local code for Italian dialect, equivalent to vec in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
vie Vietnamese
vol Volapük Artificial language
vot Votic
wak Wakashan languages Collective name
wls Wallisian East Uvean. ONIX local code, equivalent to wls in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
wln Walloon
war Waray
was Washo
guc Wayuu Guajiro. ONIX local code, equivalent of guc in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
wel Welsh
fry Western Frisian
qsw Widgit symbols ONIX local code for graphical symbols used in augmentative and alternative communication and education, not listed in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
wal Wolaitta; Wolaytta
wol Wolof
cwd Woods Cree ONIX local code, equivalent to cwd in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
wym Wymysorys Vilamovian. ONIX local code, equivalent to wym in ISO 639-3. Only for use in ONIX 3.0 or later
xho Xhosa
sah Yakut
yao Yao
yap Yapese
yid Yiddish Macrolanguage
yor Yoruba
ypk Yupik languages Collective name
znd Zande languages Collective name
zap Zapotec Macrolanguage
zza Zaza; Dimili; Dimli; Kirdki; Kirmanjki; Zazaki Macrolanguage
zen Zenaga
zha Zhuang; Chuang Macrolanguage
zul Zulu
zun Zuni
mis Uncoded language Use where no suitable code is available
und Undetermined language
mul Multiple languages
zxx No linguistic content